For next generation planar lightwave circuit (PLC) devices, high function and high-density integration are required as well as downsizing and cost reduction. To realize these needs, high refractive index difference between a core and a clad $(Delta)$ is required. To use PLC for practical applications, silica-based PLC is one of the most attractive candidate. However, degradation of the optical properties and productivity occur when $Delta$ of the core becomes high. Thus, $Delta$ of most of the conventional PLC with GeO$_2$-SiO$_2$ core is designed less than 2.5%. In this paper, we report a silica-based ultra-high $Delta $ PLC with ZrO$_2$-SiO$_2$ core. 5.5%-$Delta$ ZrO$_2$-SiO$_2$ PLC has been realized with low propagation loss and basic characteristics has been confirmed. Potential of chip size reduction of the ZrO$_2$-SiO$_2$ PLC is shown.

This paper presents a deformable fast computation elastic model for real-time processing applications. 'Gradational element resolution model' is introduced with fewer elements for fast computation, in which small elements are laid around the object surface and large elements are laid in the center of the object. Elastic element layout is changed dynamically according to the deformation of cutting or tearing objects. The element reconstruction procedure is applied little by little for each step of the recursive motion generation process to avoid an increase in motion computation time.