Algorithms for Reducing Communication Energy and Avoiding Energy Holes to Extend Lifetime of WSNs

Qian ZHAO; Yukikazu NAKAMOTO

doi:10.1587/transinf.2014PAP0003

Algorithms for Reducing Communication Energy and Avoiding Energy Holes to Extend Lifetime of WSNs

Qian ZHAO, Yukikazu NAKAMOTO

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of numerous wireless sensor nodes, each sensor node embedding a tiny communication device enabling the nodes to communicate with each other or the base station. In this paper, we investigate the problem that communication distance must be considered in minimizing the wireless communication energy since the energy consumption is proportional to the 2nd to the 6th power of the distance. Moreover, another problem is that there is a non-uniform energy drain effect in most topologies. Known as the energy hole problem, it can result in premature termination of the entire network. To address these problems, in this paper we first propose a communication routing algorithm that can solve the energy hole problem to the maximum extent possible while minimizing the wireless communication energy by generating an energy efficient spanning tree. This algorithm is beneficial for network lifetimes defined by a high node termination percentage. For the WSNs for which the energy hole problem is critical, we propose two route switching algorithms to solve the energy hole problem; they are beneficial for network lifetimes defined by a low node termination percentage. Simulation results showed that these algorithms avoid the energy hole problem and thereby greatly extend the lifetime of WSNs by more than 3 to 6 times that of ones using direct transmission in a 20-node network and a 50-node network if the lifetime of a WSN is defined by 1% of the number of terminated nodes in the WSN.

Publication: IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information Vol.E97-D No.12 pp.2995-3006

Publication Date: 2014/12/01

Publicized

Online ISSN: 1745-1361

DOI: 10.1587/transinf.2014PAP0003

Type of Manuscript: Special Section PAPER (Special Section on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networking)

Category: Wireless Network

Authors

Qian ZHAO
University of Hyogo
Yukikazu NAKAMOTO
University of Hyogo

Keyword

wireless sensor network, energy efficiency, energy hole, wireless communication, graph theory

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Qian ZHAO, Yukikazu NAKAMOTO, "Algorithms for Reducing Communication Energy and Avoiding Energy Holes to Extend Lifetime of WSNs" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information, vol. E97-D, no. 12, pp. 2995-3006, December 2014, doi: 10.1587/transinf.2014PAP0003.
Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of numerous wireless sensor nodes, each sensor node embedding a tiny communication device enabling the nodes to communicate with each other or the base station. In this paper, we investigate the problem that communication distance must be considered in minimizing the wireless communication energy since the energy consumption is proportional to the 2nd to the 6th power of the distance. Moreover, another problem is that there is a non-uniform energy drain effect in most topologies. Known as the energy hole problem, it can result in premature termination of the entire network. To address these problems, in this paper we first propose a communication routing algorithm that can solve the energy hole problem to the maximum extent possible while minimizing the wireless communication energy by generating an energy efficient spanning tree. This algorithm is beneficial for network lifetimes defined by a high node termination percentage. For the WSNs for which the energy hole problem is critical, we propose two route switching algorithms to solve the energy hole problem; they are beneficial for network lifetimes defined by a low node termination percentage. Simulation results showed that these algorithms avoid the energy hole problem and thereby greatly extend the lifetime of WSNs by more than 3 to 6 times that of ones using direct transmission in a 20-node network and a 50-node network if the lifetime of a WSN is defined by 1% of the number of terminated nodes in the WSN.
URL: https://globals.ieice.org/en_transactions/information/10.1587/transinf.2014PAP0003/_p

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@ARTICLE{e97-d_12_2995,
author={Qian ZHAO, Yukikazu NAKAMOTO, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information},
title={Algorithms for Reducing Communication Energy and Avoiding Energy Holes to Extend Lifetime of WSNs},
year={2014},
volume={E97-D},
number={12},
pages={2995-3006},
abstract={Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of numerous wireless sensor nodes, each sensor node embedding a tiny communication device enabling the nodes to communicate with each other or the base station. In this paper, we investigate the problem that communication distance must be considered in minimizing the wireless communication energy since the energy consumption is proportional to the 2nd to the 6th power of the distance. Moreover, another problem is that there is a non-uniform energy drain effect in most topologies. Known as the energy hole problem, it can result in premature termination of the entire network. To address these problems, in this paper we first propose a communication routing algorithm that can solve the energy hole problem to the maximum extent possible while minimizing the wireless communication energy by generating an energy efficient spanning tree. This algorithm is beneficial for network lifetimes defined by a high node termination percentage. For the WSNs for which the energy hole problem is critical, we propose two route switching algorithms to solve the energy hole problem; they are beneficial for network lifetimes defined by a low node termination percentage. Simulation results showed that these algorithms avoid the energy hole problem and thereby greatly extend the lifetime of WSNs by more than 3 to 6 times that of ones using direct transmission in a 20-node network and a 50-node network if the lifetime of a WSN is defined by 1% of the number of terminated nodes in the WSN.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transinf.2014PAP0003},
ISSN={1745-1361},
month={December},}

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TY - JOUR
TI - Algorithms for Reducing Communication Energy and Avoiding Energy Holes to Extend Lifetime of WSNs
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SP - 2995
EP - 3006
AU - Qian ZHAO
AU - Yukikazu NAKAMOTO
PY - 2014
DO - 10.1587/transinf.2014PAP0003
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SN - 1745-1361
VL - E97-D
IS - 12
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
Y1 - December 2014
AB - Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of numerous wireless sensor nodes, each sensor node embedding a tiny communication device enabling the nodes to communicate with each other or the base station. In this paper, we investigate the problem that communication distance must be considered in minimizing the wireless communication energy since the energy consumption is proportional to the 2nd to the 6th power of the distance. Moreover, another problem is that there is a non-uniform energy drain effect in most topologies. Known as the energy hole problem, it can result in premature termination of the entire network. To address these problems, in this paper we first propose a communication routing algorithm that can solve the energy hole problem to the maximum extent possible while minimizing the wireless communication energy by generating an energy efficient spanning tree. This algorithm is beneficial for network lifetimes defined by a high node termination percentage. For the WSNs for which the energy hole problem is critical, we propose two route switching algorithms to solve the energy hole problem; they are beneficial for network lifetimes defined by a low node termination percentage. Simulation results showed that these algorithms avoid the energy hole problem and thereby greatly extend the lifetime of WSNs by more than 3 to 6 times that of ones using direct transmission in a 20-node network and a 50-node network if the lifetime of a WSN is defined by 1% of the number of terminated nodes in the WSN.
ER -